In humans, inhibitory NKRs are mainly encoded by genes in the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC), such as killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), most of which interact with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins. Activating NKRs are multichain complexes responsible for the induction of NK cell cytotoxicity, mainly including natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs,
e.g., NKp30, NKp46, NKp44), DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM1, CD226), natural killer group 2D (
NKG2D, CD314),
etc.
