In large enterprises, Power BI developers often encounter performance issues due to massive datasets, complex data models, and high user concurrency. Optimizing these reports requires advanced data modeling techniques, such as using star schemas and aggregations, and minimizing the use of calculated columns. Power BI developers must also manage report load by implementing query reduction strategies and optimizing DAX formulas. High data refresh rates and simultaneous access by multiple users can further strain resources, necessitating the use of features like dataflows and dedicated capacities in Power BI Premium. Regular performance tuning and monitoring are crucial to maintaining report efficiency.