Serialization and Deserialization in Java are concepts that convert Java objects to byte streams and vice versa. These processes are vital for data persistence, communicating between distributed systems and saving an object's state for retrieval later.
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Serialization is the process of converting a physical object into a stream of bytes that can be saved in a file or sent via a network. This byte-stream contains data about the object, as well as its type and structure. Serialization in Java is achieved by implementing Serializable, which marks the class as serializable, and allows objects of that class to be converted into bytes.
Serialization converts an object's state into a sequence of bytes which represents its data fields and values. Serialization is repeated for any object references contained within the serialized objects. This ensures the entire object graph has been converted into a stream of bytes, ready for transmission or storage.
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The process of deserialization is to convert a byte stream back into an actual object. Serialization is reversed. During deserialization the byte stream will be read and then reconstructed to an object. This restores its state back to how it was prior serialization. Deserialization in Java is accomplished by reading the byte stream and using it to recreate an object and its internal states.
